美国政客教你如何用英语优雅的骂人(图)(2)

　　The range of negative terms applied mainly to liberals was broader, with insults aimed at conservatives being relatively concentrated. Hack, shill, and hypocrite suggest an impugning of liberals’ motivations, while hippie and elitist echo well-known stereotypes about those with liberal political leanings. The prominence of lemming, loser, and loon among insults for left-wing liberals points to a conservative affinity for alliteration, but the other L-word on the list, lunatic, is more often applied to conservatives. The list of negative words most often applied to conservatives was dominated by terms emphasizing ideological extremism: fanatic, extremist, ideologue, and zealot. The presence of obstructionist on the list reflects Democratic criticism of tactics used by Republican politicians in Congress, whereas the prominence of misogynist is likely related to Democratic efforts to portray Republicans as being engaged in a so-called “War on Women”. A case can be made that our language of partisan insults is as polarized as every other aspect of American political life. But there may be a ray of hope: partisans on both sides of the aisle accuse each other of being racists and bigots, demonstrating a consensus that intolerance and discrimination are universally reprehensible. And while there may not be much common ground between Democrats and Republicans, at least we can all agree on calling each other “idiots”。

　　由上图可看出，用于自由主义的负面词汇范围更广一些，而针对保守主义的诋毁词汇相对集中。“Hack骇客”，“shill骗子”，和“hypocrite伪君子”往往作为对自由主义的抨击动机，而“hippie嬉皮士”和“精英”等俗套称呼则因是形容那些具有自由主义政治倾向的人而被熟知。对于偏向保守的左翼自由主义，主要的诋毁词汇有“lemming旅鼠”，“loser输家”，和“loon蠢人”，而同样以 “L”字打头的另一个单词“lunatic疯子”则多用于保守主义。“obstructionist蓄意阻挠者”一词的出现反映了共和党政客在国会中施尽招数批判民主党，而“misogynist女性歧视者”则显示出民主党对于塑造共和党从事所谓的“妇女战争”方面做出的努力。党派诋毁的语言就如同美国政治生活的其他方面一样两极化，但是可能还有一线希望：两党双方互相指责对方为种族歧视者和偏执狂，这表明双方达成一种共识，即不容忍和歧视应该受到谴责。也许民主党和共和党之间没有太多共同立场，但至少可以一致同意称对方为“idiots傻瓜”。

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